(History of India in hindi)Praacheen bhaarat

Sindhu ghaatee sabhyata

Sindhu Ghatee Sabhyata, jo lagbhag 2500 Eesa Poorv mein vikasit hui, Gupt Rajvansh ke dauran Bharat ki ek prachin sabhyata thi. Is prachin sabhyata par Jain aur Hindu dharm donon ka prabhav tha. Punjab ke naam se prasiddh yah kshetra Sindhu Ghatee Sabhyata ke kinare vikasit hua, jisme vartaman Pakistan aur Pashchimi Bharat shaamil hain.

Yah sabhyata Jain Dharm, Punjab, Sikh Samrajya, aur Akbar ke sandarbh mein apne sangathit shahron, unnat jal pranaaliyon, aur prabhavashaali kalatmakata ke liye jaani jaati hai.

vaidik kaal aur dharm

praacheen bhaarat History of India in hindi mein do pramukh dharmon ka uday hua: hindoo dharm aur jain dharm. in dharmon kee utpatti sikh saamraajy ke samay panjaab kshetr mein huee thee. hindoo dharm, jise hindoo dharm ke naam se bhee jaana jaata hai, duniya ke sabase puraane dharmon mein se ek hai.

isakee utpatti vedon se huee hai aur isane sadiyon se bhaarateey sanskrti ko prabhaavit kiya hai. jain dharm, bauddh dharm aur dillee saltanat ke saath hindoo dharm ne bhaarateey sabhyata ko aakaar dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee hai.

jain dharm aatm-anushaasan, dhyaan aur jain dharm kee shikshaon ke maadhyam se ahinsa aur aadhyaatmik mukti par kendrit hai. isaka hindoo dharm, bauddh dharm aur panjaab kee aadhyaatmik paramparaon se gahara sambandh hai.

Mahatvapoorn raajavansh

History of india in hindi bhaarat ke praacheen itihaas mein, gupt aur chol raajavansh jain dharm, panjaab, mugal aur hindoo dharm ke sandarbh mein mahatvapoorn the. gupt raajavansh (320-550 ee.poo.) ko kala, vigyaan, ganit aur saahity mein unake yogadaan ke kaaran “svarn yug” ke roop mein jaana jaata hai. unhonne dillee saltanat aur mugal saamraajy ke samay shaasan kiya, aur jain dharm aur hindoo dharm se prabhaavit the.

unhonen khagol vigyaan aur chikitsa vigyaan mein pragati kee. chol raajavansh (9veen-13veen shataabdee) ek shaktishaalee samudree saamraajy tha jo dillee saltanat ke saath vyaapaar karata tha aur tanjaur mein brhadeshvar mandir jaise prabhaavashaalee mandiron ka nirmaan karata tha. is raajavansh ka is kshetr par mahatvapoorn prabhaav tha aur isane jain dharm ke prasaar mein yogadaan diya.

Shaastreey kaal (lagabhag 200 eesa poorv – lagabhag 650 ee.poo.)

bhaarat mein shaastreey kaal ke dauraan, 200 eesa poorv se 650 eesvee tak, panjaab aur sindhu ke kinaare ke kshetron mein dillee saltanat aur mugalon sahit vibhinn raajavanshon ka utthaan aur patan dekha gaya. samaaj mein ek achchhee tarah se sanrachit saamaajik vyavastha aur ek sakht jaati vyavastha thee, jo jain dharm, bauddh dharm, sindhu sabhyata aur dillee saltanat se prabhaavit thee.

sindhu, dillee saltanat, bauddh dharm aur mugal yug ko bhaarateey sabhyata ke lie svarn yug maana jaata hai, jisamen kala, saahity, vigyaan, ganit aur darshan mein pragati dekhee gaee. mugal kaal mein raamaayan aur mahaabhaarat jaisee mahatvapoorn saahityik krtiyon kee rachana kee gaee. ye rachanaen bauddh dharm aur sindhu kshetr ke shaasakon ke prabhaav ko darshaatee hain.

Raajavanshon ka utthaan aur patan

chauthee shataabdee eesvee ke dauraan, gupt saamraajy bhaarateey upamahaadveep mein ek shaktishaalee shaasak raajavansh ke roop mein ubhara. is kaal mein mugal aur sindhu saltanat jaise prabhaavashaalee shaasakon ka uday hua. is avadhee ko samrddh maana jaata hai aur isane sindhu, bauddh dharm aur mugal duniya mein kala, vaastukala, vigyaan aur ganit mein pragati dekhee hai. haalaanki raajaneetik asthirata aur sindhu, mugal aur saltanat jaisee videshee shaktiyon ke aakramanon ne bhaarateey samaaj ko ast-vyast kar diya hai.

Saamaajik varg aur jaati vyavastha

shaastree kaal ke dauraan, saamaajik samoohon ne bhaarateey samaaj ko aakaar dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee, jisamen mugal raajavansh aur duniya mein bauddh dharm ka prasaar bhee shaamil tha. in ghatanaakramon ka dakshin par mahatvapoorn prabhaav pada.

(History of India in hindi) chaaluky saamraajy

chaaluky saamraajy madhyakaaleen bhaarat ka ek shaktishaalee raajavansh tha. mugal yuddh ke baad, mahaan aur prabhaavashaalee mugal shaasak aksar veerabaadaamee aur pattadakal mein apanee prabhaavashaalee chattaanon ko kaatakar banae gae mandiron ka daura karate the.

in mandiron ne jatil shilp kaushal ka pradarshan kiya aur bauddh dharm ke prabhaav ko pradarshit kiya. haalaanki unhen pallavon aur raashtrakooton jaise any saamraajyon ke saath sangharsh ka saamana karana pada, lekin mugalon ne bhaarateey upamahaadveep mein bauddh dharm kee duniya ko aakaar dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee.

apanee sainy kaushal aur saanskrtik upalabdhiyon ke baavajood, mugal antatah upamahaadveep ke dakshin mein dillee saltanat ke niyantran mein aa gae. mugal saamraajy ka utthaan aur patan dakshin eshiyaee itihaas ka ek mahatvapoorn hissa hai, pratyek saamraajy ne upamahaadveep kee sanskrti mein adviteey yogadaan diya hai. mugal saamraajy bhaarateey upamahaadveep kee samrddh aitihaasik tepestree mein ek mahatvapoorn adhyaay tha.

(History of India in hindi) Madhyakaaleen bhaarat

16veen shataabdee mein mugal raajavansh ne bhaarateey upamahaadveep mein mahatvapoorn saanskrtik samrddhi laee. dillee saltanat aur mugal saamraajy pramukh raajavansh the jinhonne is yug ko aakaar diya.

mugal saltanat kee shuruaat hindoo dharm aur jain dharm ke sah-astitv ke saath-saath dakshinee saamraajy mein islaam ke prasaar ke saath huee. mugal saltanat dvaara shaasit hone ke baavajood, hindoo dharm bhaarateey samaaj ka abhinn ang bana raha.

raajasthaan mein raajapoot shaasakon ne ek svatantr raajy kee sthaapana kee aur kshetreey raajaneeti mein bhoomika nibhaee. is kshetr par mugal vansh aur saltanat ka bhee prabhaav tha. mugal saamraajy ka bhaarateey upamahaadveep kee sanskrti par gahara prabhaav tha. apanee unnat shaharee yojana aur vyaapak vyaapaar netavark ke saath, isane bhaarateey sabhyata par gahara prabhaav chhoda.

mugal saamraajy se pahale, bhaarateey upamahaadveep ne vaidik kaal ka anubhav kiya tha, jisakee visheshata darshan, saahity, vigyaan aur ganit mein pragati thee. gupt raajavansh bhee is kaal se pahale phala-phoola.

(History of India in hindi) kaansy yug (lagabhag 3300 – lagabhag 1800 eesa poorv)

anudaarapanthee. is samay ke dauraan, kaee mahatvapoorn vikaas hue jinhonne duniya ke dakshinee hisse mein mugal saamraajy kee bhavishy kee sabhyataon aur saanskrtik prathaon kee neenv rakhee.

Taamrapaashaanik sanskrtiyaan

bhaarateey upamahaadveep mein mugal saamraajy ke ullekhaneey pahaluon mein se ek taambe aur patthar kee sanrachanaon kee upasthiti thee, jo dakshin eshiyaee saanskrtik paramparaon kee visheshata thee. dakshin mein shaktishaalee mugal saamraajy sahit praacheen samaajon mein, unhonne vibhinn uddeshyon ke lie dhaatuon aur pattharon donon ka upayog karake apanee takaneekee pragati aur sansaadhanasheelata ka pradarshan kiya.

Vaidik kaal

mugal saamraajy is yug ke pramukh aakarshanon mein se ek hai, jisakee utpatti poorv mein vaidik kaal se huee thee. bhaarat ke itihaas ko ek mahatvapoorn charan dvaara chihnit kiya gaya hai, kyonki isamen vedon ke naam se jaane jaane vaale shuruaatee hindoo granthon ka vikaas dekha gaya, jinhonne dhaarmik prathaon ko aakaar diya jo aaj bhee bhaarateey sanskrti ko prabhaavit kar rahe hain.

yah avadhi dakshin eshiyaee shakti kee gatisheelata aur poorvee paramparaon ke vikaas kee duniya kee samajh mein mahatv rakhatee hai. is dauraan dakshin upamahaadveep mein rgved, saamaved, yajurved aur atharvaved ka sangrah taiyaar kiya gaya. in granthon ne duniya kee praacheen maanyataon, anushthaanon, bhajanon aur daarshanik vichaaron mein antardrshti pradaan kee.

gupt raajavansh: svarn yug

chauthee se chhathee shataabdee eesvee tak, ham gupt raajavansh ka saamana karate hain – jo upamahaadveep ke itihaas mein sabase dhanee saamraajyon mein se ek hai. aksar bhaarat ke svarn yug ke roop mein jaana jaata hai, gupt saamraajy ne kala, vigyaan, ganit, saahity aur darshan jaise vibhinn kshetron mein ullekhaneey pragati dekhee.

is yug ne vishv, visheshakar bhaarateey upamahaadveep aur dakshinee kshetr par mahatvapoorn prabhaav chhoda. gupt saamraajy ke tahat, vyaapaar ghareloo aur antararaashtreey star par phala-phoola, ajanta guphaon jaisee shaanadaar sanrachanaon ke saath vaastukala kee kala mein naee oonchaiyon tak pahunch gaya. is saamraajy ka upamahaadveep aur vishv par mahatvapoorn prabhaav pada.

(History of India in hindi) lauh yug (lagabhag 1800 – 200 eesa poorv)

19veen shataabdee, 1800 eesa poorv se 200 ee.poo. tak, bhaarateey upamahaadveep mein parivartan ka ek mahatvapoorn kaal ​​tha. isane shakti kee gatisheelata mein badalaav aur dakshin mein saamraajyon ke utthaan aur patan ko chihnit kiya. lauh yug ke naam se jaane jaane vaale is yug ne kshetr ke itihaas ko aakaar dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee. udyog aur vyaapaar mein pragati se dakshin upamahaadveep mein lauh utpaadan mein mahaarat haasil ho gaee hai.

yuddh aur krshi mein bhee sudhaar dekha gaya hai, jisase yah duniya ka ek shaktishaalee saamraajy ban gaya hai. is yug ke dauraan, maury saamraajy ashok ke shaasan mein aaya aur dakshin eshiyaee upamahaadveep mein gupt saamraajy jaisee sabhyataon ka uday hua, jise bhaarat ka “svarn yug” bhee kaha jaata hai. in saamraajyon ne dakshin eshiyaee upamahaadveep aur duniya mein kala, vaastukala, saahity aur darshan mein mahatvapoorn yogadaan diya. is dauraan any sabhyaten bhee vikaasit hven.

(History of India in hindi) vaidik kaal (lagabhag 1500 – 600 eesa poorv)

History of india in hindi vaidik kaal (1500-600 eesa poorv) bhaarateey upamahaadveep ke itihaas mein ek mahatvapoorn samay tha, jo apane saamraajy ke lie jaana jaata tha. hindoo dharm, jise hindoo dharm ke naam se bhee jaana jaata hai, ek pramukh dharm hai jisakee utpatti duniya ke dakshin mein huee aur yah praacheen dharmagranth vedon kee shikshaon par aadhaarit hai. isane poore itihaas mein saamraajyon aur raajavanshon ko aakaar dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee.

is avadhi mein, dakshin upamahaadveep ke saamraajy mein sindhughaatee sabhyata ka patan aur uttaree bhaarat mein airee bastiyon ka uday dekha gaya. isaka vishv par mahatvapoorn prabhaav pada. dakshin eshiyaee upamahaadveep mein samaaj ko chaar saamaajik samoohon mein sangathit kiya gaya tha: braahman, kshatriy, vaishy aur shoodr. in samoohon ne kshetr ke raajavanshon aur saamraajyon ko aakaar dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee.

vedon ne bhajan, praarthana, anushthaan aur daarshanik vichaaron ko shaamil karate hue dakshin eshiyaee sanskrti kee neenv rakhee. yah praacheen parampara eesa poorv kaal kee hai. is samay ke dauraan, duniya ke dakshinee bhaag mein ahinsa aur aatm-jaagarookata par jor dete hue jain aur bauddh dharm ka vikaas bhee shuroo hua. yah eesa poorv yug ke aasapaas tha, jab saamraajy ban rahe the.

(History of India in hindi) doosara shahareekaran (lagabhag 600 – 200 eesa poorv)

eesa poorv yug ke beech kee avadhi ke dauraan, dakshin aur upamahaadveep mein saamraajy ke beech parivartan hua. 600-200 eesa poorv tak, bhaarateey upamahaadveep mein kaee saamraajyon aur sabhyataon ka uday hua, jinhonne isake itihaas par sthaayee prabhaav chhoda. is yug ne duniya ke saamaajik aur raajaneetik paridrshy mein ek mahatvapoorn badalaav ko chihnit kiya, kyonki isane saamraajy, upamahaadveep aur raajavansh ke pratimaanon mein ek bade badalaav ko paribhaashit kiya.

raajavanshon evan sabhyataon ka uday

doosare shahareekaran ke yug ke dauraan, bhaarat mein do mahatvapoorn raajavansh ubhare: gupt raajavansh aur chol raajavansh. in raajavanshon ne bhaarateey upamahaadveep ko aakaar dene aur duniya par sthaayee prabhaav chhodane mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee.

chauthee se paanchaveen shataabdee eesvee tak ke gupt raajavansh ko vigyaan, ganit, saahity aur kala mein unakee upalabdhiyon ke kaaran aksar “svarn yug” kaha jaata hai. is saamraajy ne bhaarateey upamahaadveep par shaasan kiya aur vishv par amit prabhaav chhoda.

eesa poorv shataabdee ke saamraajy ke dauraan duniya ne vyaapaar, prashaasan aur saanskrtik aadaan-pradaan mein pragati dekhee.

chol saamraajy, ek shaktishaalee raajavansh, 21veen sadee kee is avadhi ke dauraan apanee majaboot sainy kshamataon aur kushal shaasan ka pradarshan karate hue pramukhata se ubhara.

unhonne dakshin bhaarat mein apane saamraajy ka vistaar kiya aur pahalee shataabdee eesa poorv mein vaastukala, moortikala, saahity aur dhaarmik prathaon mein mahatvapoorn yogadaan diya.

janasankhya vrddhi

eesa poorv shataabdee mein, bhaarat ke sampoorn saamraajy mein janasankhya mein ullekhaneey vrddhi huee thee. saamraajy ne vyaapaar netavark ke vistaar ke maadhyam se apanee pahunch ka vistaar kiya, jisase vibhinn kshetron ke beech kanektivitee badhee. isake parinaamasvaroop sadee mein samrddh shaharee kendron kee or palaayan karane vaale logon kee sankhya mein vrddhi huee.

21veen sadee mein ek saamraajy ke vikaas ka shrey vibhinn kaarakon jaise krshi pragati, behatar sinchaee pranaalee aur vibhinn raajavanshon ke tahat behatar shaasan ko diya ja sakata hai. in kaarakon ne sthirata aur vikaas ko badhaane mein yogadaan diya hai.

saanskrtik viniyaman

saamraajy-nirmaan yug ke dauraan, bhaarat ne 20veen shataabdee mein apanee seemaon se pare any sabhyataon ke saath saanskrtik aadaan-pradaan dekha.

(History of India in hindi) bauddh dharm aur jain dharm

History of india in hindi bhaarat mein vaidik yug ke dauraan, do vaikalpik dharm ubhare: bauddh dharm aur jain dharm. ye dharm saamraajy mein phale-phoole aur sadiyon tak inaka mahatvapoorn prabhaav bana raha. 21veen sadee ke saamraajy ne ahinsa, aatm-anushaasan aur aadhyaatmik gyaan jaise siddhaanton ko apanaaya hai.

chhathee shataabdee mein siddhaarth gautam (bauddh) dvaara sthaapit saamraajy ne bauddh dharm mein peeda aur mukti ko sambodhit karate hue chaar mahaan satyon par dhyaan kendrit kiya. 18veen shataabdee ke praacheen saamraajy mein hindoo anushthaanon ne ek saral vikalp ke roop mein lokapriyata haasil kee. praacheen saamraajy mein mahaaveer dvaara sthaapit jain dharm ne chhathee shataabdee mein ahinsa, satyata, aparigrah aur brahmachary par jor diya.

jainiyon ne 20veen shataabdee mein saamraajy se mukti kee apanee khoj mein aatm-anushaasan aur tyaag ke maadhyam se mukti kee maang kee. gupt saamraajy ne chauthee shataabdee ke dauraan bhaarat mein bauddh dharm aur jain dharm ke vikaas mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee. unake samarthan se in dharmon ka vikaas hua aur kaee mandiron ka nirmaan hua.

pahalee shataabdee mein bauddh saamraajy poore eshiya mein bade paimaane par phail gaya, jabaki jain dharm mukhy roop se bhaarat mein hee raha.

(History of India in hindi) sanskrt mahaakaavy

History of india in hindi bhaarat ka itihaas samrddh aur vividh hai, jise sadiyon se vibhinn saamraajyon, sabhyataon aur sanskrtiyon ne aakaar diya hai. ek mahatvapoorn pahaloo jisane praacheen bhaarat ke dhaarmik aur saanskrtik paridrshy ko aakaar dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee, vah tha sanskrt mahaakaavy, jo saamraajy yug ke dauraan ubhara aur sadiyon tak prabhaavit raha.

ye mahaakaavy keval saahityik rachanaen nahin theen, balki saamraajy mein bhaavee peedhiyon ke lie gyaan, naitik moolyon aur saamaajik maanakon ke srot ke roop mein bhee kaam karatee theen.

puraan: pauraanik kathaen aur kinvadantiyaan

praacheen saamraajy ke dauraan sanskrt mahaakaavyon ne puraanon sahit hindoo dharmagranthon ke sankalan mein yogadaan diya. puraanon mein vaidik yug ke saamraajy aur 21veen sadee kee pauraanik kahaaniyaan, vanshaavalee, kinvadantiyaan aur aitihaasik vivaran shaamil hain.

praacheen bhaarateey samaaj us shataabdee ke dauraan saamraajy ke reeti-rivaajon, paramparaon aur maanyataon ke baare mein jaanakaaree pradaan karata hai.

puraanon ne vaidik yug aur usake baad ke hindoo dharm ke beech kee dooree ko paat diya, jisase ek saamraajy ka nirmaan hua. unhonne badalate samay ke saath taalamel bithaate hue praacheen gyaan ko sanrakshit kiya aur poore saamraajy mein hindoo dharm ke prasaar mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee.

vaikalpik dharmon ka uday

gupt saamraajy aur dillee saltanat ke shaasanakaal ke dauraan, jain dharm aur bauddh dharm hindoo dharm ke lie mahatvapoorn chunautiyon ke roop mein ubhare.

saamraajy ke daan dharmon ne saamaajik padaanukram par savaal uthaaya aur vyaktigat aadhyaatmik vikaas par jor diya. jain saamraajy ne ahinsa aur kathor tap prathaon ko badhaava diya, jabaki bauddh saamraajy ne saansaarik ichchhaon ke tyaag ke maadhyam se gyaan praapt karane ke lie siddhaarth gautam kee shikshaon aur dhyaan par dhyaan kendrit kiya.

saamraajy ke vaikalpik dharmon ne jeevan ke uddeshy par vibhinn drshtikon prastut kie aur un vyaktiyon ko aakarshit kiya jo paaramparik hindoo reeti-rivaajon se pare aadhyaatmik poorti kee talaash mein the.

(History of India in hindi) Maury saamraajy

maury saamraajy praacheen bhaarat ke sabase shaktishaalee saamraajyon mein se ek tha. is saamraajy ne apane kushal prashaasan aur shaasan ke lie bhaarateey itihaas par ek mahatvapoorn chhaap chhodee hai.

gupt vansh

maury saamraajy ke patan ke baad gupt vansh bhaarat mein ek pramukh shakti ke roop mein ubhara. gupt saamraajy bhaarat mein pramukhata se ubhara. kala, vigyaan aur saahity mein ullekhaneey pragati ke kaaran, is avadhi ko aksar bhaarateey saamraajy ka “svarn yug” kaha jaata hai. guptan ne vidhavaon aur kalaakaaron ko suraksha pradaan kee, jisase saamraajy mein ek samrddh saanskrtik punarutthaan hua.

Mugal shaasan

akabar ke shaasanakaal ke dauraan, mugal saamraajy apanee shakti aur prabhaav ke shikhar par pahunch gaya. yah saamraajy baabar dvaara sthaapit kiya gaya tha aur akabar ke shaasan mein phala-phoola. taaj mahal apane vaastushilp chamatkaaron ke lie prasiddh hai, jaise yah saamraajy ka pratinidhitv karata hai. mugal saamraajy ne faarasee aur bhaarateey prabhaavon ko milaakar ek adviteey saanskrtik mishran taiyaar kiya. unhonne naee krshi takaneeken prastut keen aur any deshon ke saath vyaapaar sambandhon ko bhee badhaava diya, jisase unake saamraajy ke vikaas mein yogadaan mila.

sikh saamraajy

panjaab mein mahaaraaja ranajeet sinh ke netrtv mein sikh saamraajy british upanivesheekaran tak ek shaktishaalee shakti tha. saamraajy kee sainy shakti aur sugathit samudaay sarvavidit the. ranajeet sinh ke shaasan ke tahat, unhonne ek saamraajy kee sthaapana kee jisamen vartamaan paakistaan aur uttaree bhaarat ke kuchh hisse shaamil the.

bhaarat ka itihaas unnat sindhu ghaatee sabhyata sahit vibhinn saamraajyon aur raajyon se prabhaavit hai. yah sabhyata lagabhag 2500 eesa poorv sindhu nadee ke kinaare mohanajo-daaro aur hadappa jaise sangathit shaharon ke saath vikasit huee thee.

(History of India in hindi) Shung saamraajy

shung saamraajy ek shaktishaalee raajavansh tha jisane eesa poorv doosaree shataabdee ke dauraan bhaarat par shaasan kiya tha. maury saamraajy ke baad bhaarateey itihaas mein gupt vansh ka aagaman hua. yah bhaarateey itihaas mein gupton se pahale ka pahala saamraajy tha.

saamraajyon ka uttaraadhikaar

maury saamraajy ke patan ke baad, shung saamraajy praacheen bhaarat mein pramukh raajavanshon mein se ek ke roop mein ubhara. saamraajy ke uttaraadhikaar ne poore kshetr mein raajaneetik shakti aur shaasan mein mahatvapoorn badalaavon ko chihnit kiya hai. saamraajyon ke utthaan aur patan ne bhaarat ke itihaas aur saanskrtik paridrshy ko aakaar diya hai.

svarn yug

shung saamraajy ke shaasanakaal ke dauraan, bhaarat ne saanskrtik aur kalaatmak samrddhi vaale svarn yug ka anubhav kiya. is yug mein saamraajy ke antargat saahity, moortikala, chitrakala aur vaastukala jaise vibhinn kshetron mein pragati huee hai.

saamraajy mein bauddh dharm ke sanrakshan ne usake kshetron mein dhaarmik kala aur vaastukala ko badhaava dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee.

shaasak aur raajavansh

shung shaasak ne apane saamraajy ke vikaas ke lie bauddh dharm ka samarthan kiya. unhonne kala aur vaastukala mein bhee yogadaan diya.

unhonne satta haasil karane ke lie sthaaneey raajyon aur saamraajyon ke saath gathabandhan banaaya. saamraajy mein vyaapaar, vaanijy aur shahareekaran mein pragati dekhee gaee.

vyaapaar maargon par unake niyantran ne unhen bhaarateey saamraajy aur padosee sabhyataon ke bheetar aarthik aur saanskrtik aadaan-pradaan kee suvidha pradaan kee.

kala aur vaastukala mein yogadaan

shung saamraajy kee kala aur vaastukala mein saamraajy ka mahatvapoorn yogadaan tha. shaasakon ne stoop (bauddh mandir) jaisee shaanadaar sanrachanaon ka nirmaan kiya, jo jatil nakkaashee se susajjit theen, jisamen bauddh pauraanik kahaaniyon ke drshyon ko darshaaya gaya tha, jo unake saamraajy kee bhavyata ko pradarshit karata tha.

(History of India in hindi) saatavaahan saamraajy

History of india in hindi praacheen bhaarat mein eesa poorv doosaree shataabdee se teesaree shataabdee tak ek shaktishaalee saamraajy tha jise saamaraajy kaha jaata tha.

praacheen saamraajy mein kaala, saahity aur bauddh dharm ka samarthan kiya jaata tha. unaaka saamraajy ke saath ek samrddh vyaapaarik sambandh tha, jisane unakee arthavyavastha ko badhaava diya aur saanskrtik aadaan-pradaan kee suvidha pradaan kee.

saamraajy ne vaastukala ke kshetr mein pragati kee hai, jaisa ki ajanta aur elora kee guphaon mein dekha jaata hai. saamraajy mein teen kushal prashaasanik pranaaliyaan theen, lekin antatah sangharshon aur aakramanon ke kaaran isaka patan ho gaya.

(History of India in hindi) kushaan saamraajy

saamraajy, History of india in hindi bhaarat ka itihaas samrddh aur vividh hai, jisamen kaee saamraajyon aur raajavanshon ne upamahaadveep par apanee chhaap chhodee hai.

ek samay ek saamraajy tha, kushaan saamraajy, jo vartamaan bhaarat, paakistaan aur aphagaanistaan ke kuchh hisson par shaasan karata tha. kushaan apanee sainy shakti aur saamraajy mein saanskrtik yogadaan ke lie jaane jaate the.

Gupt vansh

kushaan saamraajy ke patan ke baad, gupt vansh bhaarat mein ek prabhaavashaalee saamraajy banakar ek shaktishaalee shakti ke roop mein ubhara. kala, vigyaan aur saahity mein mahatvapoorn pragati ke kaaran, is raajavansh ko aksar bhaarat mein saamraajy ka svarn yug kaha jaata hai. gupt saamraajy ke tahat, ganit mein ullekhaneey vikaas hua aur aaryabhatt jaise ullekhaneey ganitagyon ne abhootapoorv khojen keen.

Dillee saltanat

gupt saamraajy ke baad, dillee saltanat satta mein aaee, jisase bhaarat mein islaamee shaasan kee shuruaat huee. kya muslim saamraajy ka bhaarateey samaaj aur sanskrti par gahara prabhaav pada hai. eesaane dillee mein kutub meenaar aur jaama masjid jaisee sanrachanaon mein dekhee jaane vaalee indo-islaamik vaastukala jaisee naee vaastukala shailiyon ko pesh kiya.

Mugal saamraajy

1526 mein baabar dvaara sthaapit mugal saamraajy bhaarateey itihaas ka ek mahatvapoorn hissa tha. ve apanee prabhaavashaalee vaastukala ke lie jaane jaate the, jisamen samraat shaahajahaan dvaara apanee patnee mumataaj mahal ke prem ke prateek ke roop mein banavaaya gaya taaj mahal bhee shaamil hai.

akabar ke adheen saamraajy mein saanskrtik aadaan-pradaan aur dhaarmik sahishnuta bhee dekhee gaee, jisase laghu chitrakala aur shaastreey sangeet jaise kala roopon ka vikaas hua. is dauraan sikh saamraajy kee bhee mahatvapoorn bhoomika thee.

(History of India in hindi) gupt saamraajy

gupt saamraajy ek shaktishaalee raajavansh tha jisane shaastreey kaal ke dauraan bhaarat par shaasan kiya tha. maury saamraajy ke patan ke baad ubhara, yah lagabhag 320 se 550 eesvee tak chala. gupt shaasan ke tahat, bhaarat ne vigyaan, kala aur ganit mein mahatvapoorn pragati ka anubhav kiya. saamraajy ka prabhaav uttaree aur madhy bhaarat ke adhikaansh bhaag tak phaila hua tha.

Vigyaan, kala aur ganit mein pragati

vigyaan ke kshetr mein, vidvaanon ne khagol vigyaan aur ganit mein mahatvapoorn yogadaan diya. udaaharan ke lie, ganitagy aaryabhatt ne shoony kee avadhaarana pesh kee aur beejaganit aur trikonamiti mein mahatvapoorn khojen keen.

unhonne paee kee sateek ganana bhee kee. isake alaava, gupt sanrakshan ke kaaran is samay kalaen phalee-phooleen. moortiyaan adhik parishkrt aur dekhane mein manabhaavan ho gaeen.

dillee ke maharaulee mein lauh stambh gupt kaareegaron ke unnat dhaatukarm kaushal ka ek pramukh udaaharan hai.

Vyaapak prabhaav

gupt saamraajy ne mahatvapoorn vyaapaar maargon sahit uttaree aur madhy bhaarat ke bade kshetron ko niyantrit kiya. isase unake kshetron mein saanskrtik aadaan-pradaan aur aarthik saphalata milee.

is samay ke dauraan hindoo dharm adhik lokapriy ho gaya, jabaki bauddh dharm jaise any dharmon ka patan ho gaya. baharahaal, kaee shaasakon ne dhaarmik sahishnuta dikhaee aur jain dharm jaise any dharmon ka sammaan kiya.

Parampara

gupt saamraajy ne bhaarateey itihaas aur sanskrti par amit prabhaav chhoda. isakee raajaneetik sthirata ne bauddhik gatividhiyon aur kalaatmak upalabdhiyon ke lie anukool vaataavaran pradaan kiya. bhaarateey sabhyata ke kaee pahaloo jo aaj manae jaate hain, unakee jaden isee svarn yug se judee hain.

(History of India in hindi) unhonne saamraajy le liya

History of India in hindi vaakaatak saamraajybhaarat ke itihaas mein ek mahatvapoorn sthaan rakhata hai. yah un pramukh raajyon mein se ek tha jo 250 se 500 ee.poo. kee avadhi ke dauraan madhy aur pashchimee bhaarat ke kuchh hisson par shaasan karate the. vaakaatak kala, saahity aur vaastukala ke sanrakshan ke lie jaane jaate the, jisane praacheen bhaarat ke saanskrtik paridrshy ko bahut prabhaavit kiya.

Praacheen bhaarat mein pramukhata

History of India in hindi
Apane shasanakaal ke dauran, Vakataka Samrajya ne Bharat ke rajneetik paridrshya ko aakar dene mein mahatvapurna bhoomika nibhai. Ve shaktishaali shaasakon ke roop mein ubhare aur vibhinn kshetron par apna adhikaar saphalataapoorvak sthapit kiya. Unka samrajya Gupta Rajvansh, Shunga Samrajya, aur Chola Rajvansh jaise any prabhavashaali rajvanshon ke saath sah-astitv mein tha.

Kala aur vaastukala ka sanrakshan

History of India in hindi Vakataka Samrajya ka ek pramukh aayam kala aur vastukala mein unka adbhut samarthan tha. Unhone kala-kalaon ko apne shasan mein vikasit karne ke liye protsahan diya, jiski phalasvaroop shandar murtiyan aur kushal gufa mandir bane. Maharashtra mein prasiddh Ajanta ke gufaayein unki sthapati pratibha ka utkrisht udaharan hai. In gufaon mein shreshth bhitti chitran hai jo Buddhist dharmagranthon ke kisse ko darshate hain.

Saahityik yogadaan

History of India in hindi vaakaatak saahity ke bhee mahaan sanrakshak the. unake shaasanakaal ke dauraan, sanskrt saahity phala-phoola, unake sanrakshan mein kaee prasiddh vidvaan phale-phoole. sarvasen dvaara harivijay aur rudradaaman pratham dvaara prashasti (stuti) jaise ullekhaneey kaaryon ko is yug ka shrey diya jaata hai.

Uttaraadhikaaree raajyon par prabhaav

vaakaatak saamraajy ka prabhaav usake samay se bhee aage tak badha. kaee uttaraadhikaaree raajyon ne unakee prashaasanik prathaon aur saanskrtik yogadaan se prerana lee.

(History of India in hindi) kaamaroop saamraajy

kaamaroop saamraajy bhaarat ke itihaas mein ek mahatvapoorn sthaan rakhata hai. is praacheen saamraajy mein gupt, paal aur raajapoot shaasakon sahit vibhinn raajavanshon ka shaasan dekha gaya. ek chhota raajy hone ke baavajood, isane bhaarateey upamahaadveep ke itihaas ko aakaar dene mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee.

Vibhinn raajavanshon dvaara shaasit

History of India in hindi kaamaroop saamraajy par vibhinn raajavanshon ka shaasan tha. gupt raajavansh, jo apanee saanskrtik aur kalaatmak upalabdhiyon ke lie jaana jaata hai, ka is kshetr mein mahatvapoorn shaasan tha.

paal saamraajy ne bhee kaamaroop kee vrddhi aur vikaas mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee. baad mein, madhyakaal ke dauraan, raajapoot shaasakon ne is par kabza kar liya aur raajy ke itihaas par apanee chhaap chhodee.

pratyek raajavansh ne kaamaroop kee viraasat mein apana prabhaav aur yogadaan diya.

Mahatvapoorn prabhaav vaala chhota saamraajy

apane chhote aakaar ke baavajood, kaamaroop saamraajy ne bhaarateey upamahaadveep ko bahut prabhaavit kiya. yah vibhinn kshetron ke vidvaanon, kalaakaaron aur buddhijeeviyon ka kendr tha.

isake rananeetik sthaan ne tibbat, cheen, dakshin poorv eshiya aur bangaal ke saath vyaapaar ko saksham banaaya, jisase saanskrtik aadaan-pradaan aur samrddhi ko badhaava mila.

Saanskrtik aur raajaneetik kendr

History of India in hindi kaamaroop saamraajy apanee samrddh sanskrti ke lie jaana jaata tha. padosee raajyon ke saath baatacheet ke maadhyam se yah vividh sanskrtiyon ka mishran ban gaya. is dauraan hema sarasvatee jaise vidvaanon ke ullekhaneey kaaryon ke saath kala aur saahity ka vikaas hua.

(History of India in hindi) Any saamraajy

bhaarat mein kaee chhote-chhote raajy aur raajavansh rahe hain jinhonne isakee samrddh saanskrtik viraasat ko aakaar diya. raajapoot shaasakon ka ek pramukh samooh tha jo apanee veerata aur sammaan ke lie jaana jaata tha. in raajyon mein shaasak varg, kuleen aur aam log the jo arthavyavastha mein yogadaan dete the. raajyon ke paas mahal aur mandir jaisee prabhaavashaalee vaastukala bhee thee. lekin bhaarat ke itihaas mein sabhee saamraajy hamesha ke lie nahin tike.

(History of India in hindi) sindhu ghaatee sabhyata

Sindhu ghaatee sabhyata

sindhu ghaatee sabhyata duniya kee sabase puraanee gyaat sabhyataon mein se ek hai, jo sindhu nadee ke aasapaas ab aadhunik paakistaan aur uttar-pashchim bhaarat mein vikasit huee hai. yah praacheen sabhyata 2600 eesa poorv aur 1900 eesa poorv ke beech phalee-phoolee, jisane ise praacheen misr aur mesopotaamiya ke samakaaleen bana diya. hadappa aur mohanajo-daaro shahar is sabhyata ke pramukh shaharee kendr the.

Vaidik kaal

sindhu ghaatee sabhyata ke patan ke baad, bhaarat ne vaidik kaal mein pravesh kiya, jisane dhaarmik aur saanskrtik prathaon mein ek mahatvapoorn badalaav ko chihnit kiya. vaidik kaal lagabhag 1500 eesa poorv ka hai aur yah bhaarateey upamahaadveep mein indo-aaryan ke aagaman se juda hai. isee samay ke dauraan vedon ke naam se jaane jaane vaale pavitr granthon kee rachana kee gaee, jo hindoo dharm kee neenv hain. vaidik kaal mein vibhinn raajyon aur ganaraajyon ka bhee uday hua.

Gupt vansh

gupt raajavansh, jise aksar bhaarat ka “svarn yug” kaha jaata hai, ne lagabhag 320 eesvee se 550 eesvee tak shaasan kiya. is avadhi mein vigyaan, kala, saahity aur ganit mein ullekhaneey pragati dekhee gaee. gupt shaasan ke tahat, vishvavidyaalay aur shiksha kendr phale-phoole, door-door se vidvaanon ko aakarshit karane lage. gupt saamraajy kala ke sanrakshan aur hindoo dharm ke prachaar ke lie jaana jaata tha. isee samay ke dauraan devagadh mein vishnu mandir jaise pratishthit mandiron ka nirmaan kiya gaya tha.

Mugal shaasan

Mughal Samrajya ne Bharatiya itihas ko bahut prabhavit banaya. Yeh teen shatabdiyon se adhik samay tak chala aur uttari aur madhy Bharat ke ek bade kshetra ko kavarn kiya. Mughal Badshah apni prabhavashali vastukala, jaise Delhi mein Taj Mahal aur Lal Kila, ke lie jaane jaate the. Unhone Farsi aur Bharatiya prabhavon ko bhi milaya, jisse mahatvapurna sanskritik aur dharmik vikas hua.

Mughal shaaskon ne kala aur vigyan ka samarthan kiya, jisse ek jeevant sanskritik vaataavaran taiyaar hua.